44 Landlocked Countries That Dont Touch an Ocean

Approximately one-fifth of the worlds countries are landlocked, meaning they have no access to the oceans. There are 44 landlocked countries that do not have direct access to an ocean or ocean-accessible sea (such as the Mediterranean Sea). Why Is Being Landlocked an Issue? While a country such as Switzerland has thrived despite its lack of access to the worlds oceans, being landlocked has many disadvantages. Some landlocked countries rank among the poorest in the world. Some of the issues of being landlocked include: Lack of access to fishing and oceanic food sourcesHigh transportation and transit costs because of a lack of access to ports and world shipping operationsGeopolitical vulnerabilities from dependence on neighboring countries for access to world markets and natural resourcesMilitary limitations because of the lack of naval options What Continents Have No Landlocked-Countries? North America has no landlocked countries, and Australia is rather obviously not landlocked. Within the United States, over half of the 50 states are landlocked with no direct access to the worlds oceans. Many states, however, do have water access to the oceans via the Hudson Bay, Chesapeake Bay, or Mississippi River. Landlocked Countries in South America South America has just two landlocked countries: Bolivia and Paraguay. Landlocked Countries in Europe Europe has 14 landlocked countries: Andorra, Austria, Belarus, Czech Republic, Hungary, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Moldova, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Switzerland, and Vatican City. Landlocked Countries in Africa Africa has 16 landlocked countries: Botswana, Burundi, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Chad, Ethiopia, Lesotho, Malawi, Mali, Niger, Rwanda, South Sudan, Swaziland, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Lesotho is unusual in that it is landlocked by just one country (South Africa). Landlocked Countries in Asia Asia has 12 landlocked countries: Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bhutan, Laos, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Note that several of the countries in western Asia border the landlocked Caspian Sea, a feature that does open some transit and trade opportunities. Disputed Regions that Are Landlocked Four regions that are not fully recognized as independent countries are landlocked: Kosovo, Nagorno-Karabakh, South Ossetia, and Transnistria. What Are the Two Doubly-Landlocked Countries? There are two, special, landlocked countries that are known as doubly-landlocked countries, completely surrounded by other landlocked countries. The two doubly-landlocked countries are Uzbekistan (surrounded by Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Turkmenistan) and Liechtenstein (surrounded by Austria and Switzerland). What Is the Largest Landlocked Country? Kazakhstan is the worlds ninth largest country but is the worlds largest landlocked country. Its 1.03 million square miles (2.67 million km2) and is bordered by Russia, China, the Kyrgyz Republic, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and the landlocked Caspian Sea. What Are the Most Recently Added Landlocked Countries? The most recent addition to the list of landlocked countries is South Sudan which gained independence in 2011. Serbia is also a recent addition to the list of landlocked countries. The country formerly had access to the Adriatic Sea, but when Montenegro became an independent country in 2006, Serbia lost its ocean access. Edited by Allen Grove.

The Success Of The Great Recession - 1375 Words

The Great Recession which lasted from 2008 to 2010 is often regarded as the greatest economic crisis since the Great Depression which took place during the 1930s. The causes of both crises can be said to be similar as both lie in the actions of the federal government. While the crash of the stock market in 1929 is said to be one of the major causes and sometimes even the main cause of the Great Depression, there are also other circumstances that led to this economic crisis. Bank failures during the 1930s also added to decline in the economy. The failure of hundreds of banks caused people to lose their savings and businesses to lose their operating capital. With the crash of the stock market, there was also a reduction in purchasing in the economy (consumer demand). A reduction in consumer demand led to a reduction in production and hence a reduction in the workforce. With a reduction in production and the workforce, the unemployment rate rose drastically to around 25%. Due to the num ber of businesses failing, President Hoover signed into law the Smooth-Hawley tariff to help protect the failing businesses. However, this created unintended consequences as trade was stifled between America and foreign countries, further adding to America’s economic crisis. There are many factors that led to the Great Recession in 2008. The major cause is said to be the decline of the collapse of the housing market. It is even said that the Great Recession has origins dating till back to theShow MoreRelatedThe Success Of The Great Recession1320 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Recession began in December 2007 and officially ended in June 2009 while many macroeconomic forces were at fault, the primary cause was securitizations of debt. While debt is an important part of any economy, allowing for the financing of business activities, the purchase of homes, and continuing education, there is also an inherent risk in the system. 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World War 1 Essay Example For Students

World War 1 Essay Chapter 1: The Right to Make WarSince 1795, when Immanuel Kant published in his old age his treatise on Perpetual Peace, many have considered it an established fact that war is the destruction of all good and the origin of all evil. In spite of all that history teaches, no conviction is felt that the struggle between nations is inevitable, and the growth of civilization is credited with a power to which war must yield. But, undisturbed by such human theories and the change of times, war has again and again marched from country to country with the clash of arms, and has proved its destructive as well as creative and purifying power. It has not succeeded in teaching mankind what its real nature is. Long periods of war, far from convincing men of the necessity of war, have, on the contrary, always revived the wish to exclude war, where possible, from the political intercourse of nations. This wish and this hope are widely disseminated even today. The maintenance of peace is lauded as the only goal at which statesmanship should aim. This unqualified desire for peace has obtained in our days a quite peculiar power over mens spirits. This aspiration finds its public expression in peace leagues and peace congresses; the Press of every country and of every party opens its columns to it. The current in this direction is, indeed, so strong that the majority of Governments professoutwardly, at any ratethat the necessity of maintaining peace is the real aim of their policy; while when a war breaks out the aggressor is universally stigmatized, and all Governments exert themselves, partly in reality, partly in pretense, to extinguish the conflagration. Pacific ideals, to be sure, are seldom the real motive of their action. They usually employ the need of peace as a cloak under which to promote their own political aims. This was the real position of affairs at the Hague Congresses,1 and this is also the meaning of the action of the United States of America, who in recent times have earnestly tried to conclude treaties for the establishment of Arbitration Courts, first and foremost with England, but also with Japan, France, and Germany. No practical results, it must be said, have so far been achieved. We can hardly assume that a real love of peace prompts these efforts. This is shown by the fact that precisely those Powers which, as the weaker, are exposed to aggression, and therefore were in the greatest need of international protection, have been completely passed over in the American proposals for Arbitration Courts. It must consequently be assumed that very matter-of-fact political motives led the Americans, with their commercial instincts, to take such steps, and induced perfidious Albion 2 to accede to the proposals. We may suppose that England intended to protect her rear in event of a war with Germany, but that America wished to have a free hand in order to follow her policy of sovereignty in Central America without hindrance, and to carry out her plans regarding the Panama Canal in the exclusive interests of America. Both countries certainly entertained the hope of gaining advantage over the other signatory of the treaty, and of winning the lions share for themselves. The orists and fanatics imagine that they see in the efforts of President Taft a great step forward on the path to perpetual peace, and enthusiastically agree with him. Even the Minister for Foreign Affairs in England, with well-affected idealism, termed the procedure of the United States an era in the history of mankind. .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 , .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 .postImageUrl , .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 , .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138:hover , .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138:visited , .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138:active { border:0!important; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138:active , .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138 .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9339b544a66916b879666e7f698f1138:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Violence6 EssayThis desire for peace has rendered most civilized nations anemic, and marks a decay of spirit and political courage such as has often been shown by a race of Epigoni. It has always been, Heinrich von Treitschke tells us, the weary, spiritless, and exhausted ages which have played with the dream of perpetual peace. 3Everyone will, within certain limits, admit that the endeavors to diminish the dangers of war and to mitigate the sufferings which war entails are justifiable. It is an incontestable fact that war temporarily disturbs industrial life, interrupts quiet economic development, brings widespread misery with it, and emphasizes the primitive brutality of man. It is therefore